On January 12, 2021, the Company effected a 1-for-1.581804 reverse stock split (“Reverse Stock Split”) of its Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share (“Common Stock”). All share and per share information has been retroactively adjusted to give effect to the Reverse Stock Split for all periods presented unless otherwise indicated.

On October 18, 2022, the Company effected a 1-for-10 reverse stock split of its Common Stock. All share and per share information has been retroactively adjusted to give effect to the reverse stock split for all periods presented unless otherwise indicated.

On July 5, 2023, the Company effected a 1-for-20 reverse stock split of its Common Stock, All share and per share information has been retroactively adjusted to give effect to the reverse stock split for all periods presented unless otherwise indicated.

No fractional shares of Common Stock were issued as a result of these reverse stock splits. Any fractional shares in connection with these reverse stock splits were rounded up to the nearest whole share and no stockholders received cash in lieu of fractional shares. The reverse stock splits had no impact on the number of shares of Common Stock that the Company is authorized to issue pursuant to its articles of incorporation or on the par value per share of the Common Stock. Proportional adjustments were made to the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise or conversion of the Company’s outstanding stock options and warrants, the exercise price or conversion price (as applicable) of the Company’s outstanding stock options and warrants, and the number of shares reserved for issuance under the Company’s equity incentive plan. All share and per share information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q has been retroactively adjusted to reflect the impact of these reverse stock splits.

On February 1, 2021, the Company closed its initial public offering, or (“IPO”), of 31,050 shares of its Common Stock (inclusive of 4,050 shares of Common Stock from the full exercise of the over-allotment option of shares granted to the underwriters). The offer and sale of all of the shares in the IPO were registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-1 (File Nos. 333- 251616 and 333-252490), which was declared effective by the SEC on January 27, 2021. In the IPO, Maxim Group LLC and Roth Capital Partners acted as the underwriters. The IPO price for shares of Common Stock was $2,000 per share. The total gross proceeds from the IPO were $62.1 million.

After deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of $4 million and offering expenses paid or payable by us of approximately $1 million, the net proceeds from the IPO were approximately $57 million. The Company used the net proceeds from the IPO for its current working capital needs, to support revenue growth, to increase inventory to meet customer demand forecasts, and to support operational growth.

On February 19, 2021, the Company consummated a secondary public offering (the “February Offering”) of 27,778 shares of its Common Stock for a price of $2,700.00 per share, less certain underwriting discounts, and commissions. On March 22, 2021, the Company closed on the sale of an additional 4,167 shares of Common Stock on the same terms and conditions pursuant to the exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option. The exercise of the over-allotment option brought the total number of shares of Common Stock sold by the Company in connection with the February Offering to 31,944 shares and the total net proceeds received in connection with the February Offering to approximately $80 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and estimated offering expenses. The Company used the net proceeds from the IPO for its current working capital needs, to support revenue growth, to increase inventory, to meet customer demand forecasts, and to support operational growth.

The COVID-19 pandemic has created significant public health concerns as well as economic disruption, uncertainty, and volatility that may negatively affect its business operations and financial results. As a result, if the pandemic or its effects persist or worsen, its accounting estimates and assumptions could be impacted in subsequent interim reports and upon final determination at year-end, and it is reasonably possible such changes could be significant (although the potential effects cannot be estimated at this time). The Company has experienced minimal business interruption as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic to date has resulted in supply chain delays of its inventory, higher operating costs and increased shipping costs, among other impacts. As events surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic can change rapidly, the Company cannot predict how it may disrupt its operations or the full extent of the disruption.

In May 2020, the Company received an unsecured Paycheck Protection Program Loan (“PPP Loan”) from the Bank of America pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program (the “PPP”) under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”), administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration (the “SBA”). The Company received total loan proceeds of approximately $779 thousand from the PPP Loan. The Company’s application for the forgiveness of the outstanding balance of the PPP Loan was denied by the SBA. On June 23, 2022, the Company received a letter from Bank of America agreeing to extend the maturity date to May 7, 2025 and bears interest at a rate of 1.00% per year. The PPP loan is payable in 34 equal combined monthly principal and interest payments of approximately $24 thousand commencing August 7, 2022.

The condensed consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), and on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 and filed with the SEC (“Form 10-K”), except for the recently adopted accounting pronouncements described below.

The condensed consolidated financial statements included herein reflect all normal and recurring adjustments which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, condensed consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, and the condensed consolidated cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.

The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2021 is derived from the audited consolidated financial statements presented in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. Certain information and disclosures normally included in annual consolidated financial statements have been omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Because the condensed consolidated interim financial statements do not include all of the information and disclosures required by GAAP for a complete set of financial statements, they should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 filed with the SEC on March 31, 2022. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of a full year’s results.

Accounting for Wholly-Owned Subsidiaries

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP and include the accounts of Agrify Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, as described above in Note 1 – Overview, Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies, in accordance with the provisions required by the Consolidation Topic 810 of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”). The Company includes results of operations of acquired companies from the date of acquisition. All significant intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated.

Accounting for Less Than Wholly-Owned Subsidiaries

For the Company’s less than wholly-owned subsidiaries, which include TPI, Agrify-Valiant, and Agrify Brands, the Company first analyzes whether these entities are a variable interest entity (a “VIE”) in accordance with ASC Topic 810 Consolidation (“ASC 810”), and if so, whether the Company is the primary beneficiary requiring consolidation. A VIE is an entity that has (i) insufficient equity to permit it to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support or (ii) equity holders that lack the characteristics of a controlling financial interest. The financial results of a VIE are consolidated by the primary beneficiary, which is the entity that has both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the entity that potentially could be significant to the entity. Variable interests in a VIE are contractual, ownership or other financial interests in a VIE that change with changes in the fair value of the VIE’s net assets. The Company continuously re-assesses (i) whether the joint venture is a VIE, and (ii) if the Company is the primary beneficiary of the VIE. If it is determined that the joint venture qualifies as a VIE and the Company is the primary beneficiary, the Company’s financial interest in the VIE is consolidated.

Based on the Company’s analysis of these entities, the Company has determined that Agrify-Valiant, LLC and Agrify Brands, LLC are each a VIE, and that the Company is the primary beneficiary. While the Company owns 60% of Agrify-Valiant, LLC’s equity interests and 75% of Agrify Brands, LLC’s equity interests, the remaining equity interests in Agrify-Valiant, LLC and Agrify Brands, LLC are owned by unrelated third parties, and the agreement with these third parties provides the Company with greater voting rights. Accordingly, the Company consolidates its interest in the financial statements of Agrify-Valiant, LLC and Agrify Brands, LLC under the VIE rules, and reflects the third parties’ interests in the condensed consolidated financial statements as a non-controlling interest. The Company records this non-controlling interest at its initial fair value, adjusting the basis prospectively for the third parties’ share of the respective consolidated investments’ net income or loss or equity contributions and distributions. These non-controlling interests are not redeemable by the equity holders and are presented as part of permanent equity. Income and losses are allocated to the non-controlling interest holders based on its economic ownership percentage. The investment in 50% of the shares of TPI is treated as an equity investment as the Company cannot exercise significant influence.

In accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-15, “Presentation of Financial Statements - Going Concern”, the Company’s management evaluated whether there are conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the financial statements’ issuance date. The following matters raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date the financial statements are issued.

The Company has incurred operating losses since its inception and has negative cash flows from operations. The Company also has an accumulated deficit of $131.8 million as of June 30, 2022. In addition, for the quarter ending June 30, 2022, the Company will recognize significant impairment charges to the carrying value of its goodwill and intangible assets and will be in default of certain financial debt covenants associated with its $65 million senior secured promissory note (the “SPA Note”). As a result of its default, the Company is actively working to restructure its existing SPA Note in order to avoid having the note called by the lender. If the lender were to call the debt instrument due to the default, the Company would not have sufficient cash on hand as of June 30, 2022 to pay off the existing debt and default penalty amounts. Cash on hand is approximately $59.9 million, while the debt liability, including the potential default penalty, would be approximately $75.0 million as of June 30, 2022.

Subsequent to the end of the second quarter of 2022, the Company reached an agreement in principle with its institutional lender to amend its existing SPA Note and to modify certain financial covenants which, once complete, should give the Company additional flexibility to operate and meet its long-term strategic goals while also allowing it to responsibly adjust to the many challenges currently facing the cannabis industry.

These financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which implies the Company believes these conditions raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern within the next twelve-months from the date these financial statements are available to be issued. The Company’s continuation as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to obtain necessary debt or equity financing to continue operations until the Company begins generating sufficient cash flows from operations to meet its obligations.

There is no assurance that the Company will ever be profitable. The financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classifications of liabilities that may result should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

The preparation of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in these condensed consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, the accrual of expenses. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience, known trends and other market-specific, other relevant factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances and management’s judgement. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates when there are changes in circumstances, facts and experience. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. Actual financial results could differ from those estimates.

For the Company and its Subsidiaries, the fiscal year ends on December 31, each year.

The Company qualifies as an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, which we refer to as the JOBS Act. As a result, the Company is permitted to, and intends to, rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirements that are applicable to companies that are not emerging growth companies.

Certain amounts in the Company’s prior period financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the presentation of the current period financial statements. In this Form 10-Q, the Company has reclassified selling, general and administrative expenses to two separate line items in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of operations as general and administrative expenses and selling and marketing expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.

Cash and cash equivalents consist principally of cash and deposits with maturities of three months or less as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. All cash equivalents are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. Restricted cash and restricted marketable securities represent cash required to be held as collateral for the Company’s SPA Note. Accordingly, these balances contain restrictions as to their availability and usage and are classified as restricted cash and restricted marketable securities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Additional information relating to the Company’s SPA Note may be found in Note 10 – Debt, included elsewhere in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Cash deposits with financial institutions, including restricted cash and restricted marketable securities, generally exceed federally insured limits. Management believes minimal credit risk exists with respect to these financial institutions and the Company has not experienced any losses on such amounts. Balances held in a brokerage account are disclosed on the balance sheet as restricted cash.

The Company’s marketable security investments primarily include investments held in mutual funds, municipal bonds, and corporate bonds. The mutual funds are recorded at fair value in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets as part of cash and cash equivalents. The municipal and corporate bonds are considered to be held-to-maturity securities and are recorded at amortized cost in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of these investments was estimated using recently executed transactions and market price quotations. The Company considers current assets to be those investments which will mature within the next 12 months, including interest receivable on the long-term bonds.

Accounts receivable, net, primarily consists of amounts for goods and services that are billed and currently due from customers. Accounts receivable balances are presented net of an allowance for credit losses, which is an estimate of billed amounts that may not be collectible. In determining the amount of the allowance at each reporting date, management makes judgments about general economic conditions, historical write-off experience, and any specific risks identified in customer collection matters, including the aging of unpaid accounts receivable and changes in customer financial conditions. Accounts receivable balances are written off after all means of collection are exhausted and the potential for non-recovery is determined to be probable. Adjustments to the allowance for credit losses are recorded as general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a concentration of credit risk primarily consist of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted marketable securities, and accounts receivable. Cash equivalents primarily consist of money market funds with original maturities of three months or less, which are invested primarily with U.S. financial institutions. Cash deposits with financial institutions, including restricted cash and restricted marketable securities, generally exceed federally insured limits. Management believes minimal credit risk exists with respect to these financial institutions and the Company has not experienced any losses on such amounts.

The tables below show customers who account for 10% or more of the Company’s total revenues and 10% or more of the Company’s accounts receivable for the periods presented:

Revenue

For the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company’s customers that accounted for 10% or more of the total revenue were as follows:

For the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company’s customers that accounted for 10% or more of the total revenue were as follows:

Accounts Receivable, Net

As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company’s customers that accounted for 10% or more of the total accounts receivable, net, were as follows:

The Company values all of its inventories, which consist primarily of significant raw material hardware components, at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost principally determined by the weighted-average cost method on a First-In, First-Out basis. Write-offs of potentially slow-moving or damaged inventory are recorded through specific identification of obsolete or damaged material. The company takes physical inventory at least once annually at all inventory locations.

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization expenses are recognized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of each asset, as follows:

The estimated useful lives of the Company’s property and equipment are periodically assessed to determine if changes are appropriate. The Company charges maintenance and repairs to expenses as incurred. When the Company retires or disposes of assets, the carrying cost of these assets and related accumulated depreciation or amortization are eliminated from the condensed consolidated balance sheet and any resulting gain or loss are included in the condensed consolidated statement of operations in the period of retirement or disposal. Costs for capital assets not yet placed into service are capitalized as construction-in-progress and depreciated once placed into service.

Goodwill is defined as the excess of cost over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. Goodwill is tested for impairment annually, and more frequently if events and circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. The Company has determined that it is a single reporting unit for the purpose of conducting the goodwill impairment assessment. A goodwill impairment charge is recorded if the amount by which the Company’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. Factors that could lead to a future impairment include material uncertainties such as a significant reduction in projected revenues, a deterioration of projected financial performance, future acquisitions and/or mergers, and/or a decline in the Company’s market value as a result of a significant decline in the Company’s stock price.

During the three-month period ended June 30, 2022, the Company identified a potential impairment triggering event associated with both a sustained decline in the Company’s stock price and associated market capitalization, as well as a second-quarter slowdown in the cannabis industry as a whole. Due to these factors, the Company deemed that there may be an impairment to the carrying value of its long-lived assets and accordingly performed interim testing to determine the proper fair value of its long-lived assets as of June 30, 2022.

Based on its interim testing, the Company noted that the carrying value of equity exceeded the calculated fair value by an amount greater than the aggregate value of our goodwill and intangible assets. Accordingly, the Company concluded that the entire carrying value of its goodwill and intangible assets should be impaired, resulting in a second-quarter impairment charge of $69.9 million. Additional information regarding the Company’s interim testing on goodwill may be found in Note 8 – Intangible Assets, Net and Goodwill, included elsewhere in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements. 

The Company initially records intangible assets at their estimated fair values and reviews these assets periodically for impairment. Identifiable intangible assets, which consist principally of acquired customer-related acquired assets, acquired and/or developed technology, non-compete agreements, and trade names, are reported net of accumulated amortization, and are being amortized over their estimated useful lives at amortization rates that are proportional to each asset’s estimated economic benefit. The Company’s intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The Company reviews the carrying value of these intangible assets annually, or more frequently if indicators of impairment are present.

The finite-lived useful lives are as follows:

In performing the review of the recoverability of intangible assets, the Company considers several factors, including whether there have been significant changes in legal factors or the overall business climate that could affect the underlying value of an asset. The Company also considers whether there is an expectation that the asset will be sold or disposed of before the end of its remaining estimated useful life. If, as the result of examining any of these factors, the Company concludes that the carrying value of the intangible asset exceeds its estimated fair value, the Company recognizes an impairment charge and reduces the carrying value of the asset to its estimated fair value.

During the three-month period ended June 30, 2022, the Company identified a potential impairment triggering event associated with both a sustained decline in the Company’s stock price and associated market capitalization, as well as a second-quarter slowdown in the cannabis industry as a whole. Due to these factors, the Company deemed that there may be an impairment to the carrying value of its long-lived assets and accordingly performed interim testing to determine the proper fair value of its long-lived assets as of June 30, 2022.

Based on its interim testing, the Company noted that the carrying value of equity exceeded the calculated fair value by an amount greater than the aggregate value of our goodwill and intangible assets. Accordingly, the Company concluded that the entire carrying value of its goodwill and intangible assets should be impaired, resulting in a second-quarter impairment charge of $69.9 million. Additional information regarding the Company’s interim testing on intangible assets may be found in Note 8 – Intangible Assets, Net and Goodwill, included elsewhere in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements. 

The Company evaluates its convertible instruments to determine if those contracts or embedded components of those contracts qualify as derivative financial instruments to be separately accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 815 Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC815”). The accounting treatment of derivative financial instruments requires that the Company identify and record certain embedded conversion options (“ECOs”), certain variable-share settlement features, and any related freestanding instruments at their fair values as of the inception date of the agreement and at fair value as of each subsequent balance sheet date. Any change in fair value is recorded as non-operating, non-cash income or expense for each reporting period at each balance sheet date. The Company reassesses the classification of its derivative instruments at each balance sheet date. If the classification changes as a result of events during the period, the contract is reclassified as of the date of the event that caused the reclassification. Bifurcated embedded conversion options, variable-share settlement features and any related freestanding instruments are recorded as a discount to the host instrument which is amortized to interest expense over the life of the respective note using the effective interest method.

If the Company determines that an instrument is not a derivative liability, it then evaluates whether there is a beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”), by comparing the commitment date fair value to the effective current conversion price of the instrument. The Company records a BCF as a debt discount which is amortized to interest expense over the life of the respective note using the effective interest method. BCFs that are contingent upon the occurrence of a future event are recognized when the contingency is resolved.

The Company may record debt issuance costs and/or debt discounts in connection with issuing of debt. The Company may cover these costs by paying cash or issuing equity (such as warrants). These costs are amortized to interest expense over the expected life of the debt. If a conversion of the underlying debt occurs, a proportionate share of the unamortized amounts is immediately expensed.

For certain convertible debt issued by the Company, it may provide the debt holder with an original issue discount. The Company would record the original issue discount to debt discount, reducing the face amount of the note, and is then amortized to interest expense over the life of the debt.

The Company relies on the guidance provided by ASC Topic 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity and ASC 815-40, Derivatives and Hedging: Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (“ASC 815-40”), to classify certain redeemable and/or convertible instruments. The Company first determines whether a financial instrument should be classified as a liability. The Company will determine the liability classification if the financial instrument is mandatorily redeemable, or if the financial instrument, other than outstanding shares, embodies a conditional obligation that the Company must or may settle by issuing a variable number of its equity shares.

Once the Company determines that a financial instrument should not be classified as a liability, the Company determines whether the financial instrument should be presented between the liability section and the equity section of the balance sheet (“temporary equity”). The Company will determine temporary equity classification if the redemption of the financial instrument is outside the control of the Company (i.e. at the option of the holder). Otherwise, the Company accounts for the financial instrument as permanent equity.

Initial Measurement

The Company records its financial instruments classified as liability, temporary equity or permanent equity at issuance at the fair value, or cash received.

Subsequent Measurement – Financial instruments classified as liabilities

The Company records the fair value of its financial instruments classified as liabilities at each subsequent measurement date. The changes in fair value of its financial instruments classified as liabilities are recorded as other income, net.

The Company determines at the inception of a right-of-use asset contract if such arrangement is or contains a lease. A contract is or contains a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The Company classifies leases at the lease commencement date as operating or finance leases and records a right-of-use asset and a lease liability on its condensed consolidated balance sheet for all leases with an initial lease term of greater than 12 months. A lease with an initial term of 12 months or less is not recorded on the balance sheet, but related payments are recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Company’s right-of-use asset contracts may contain both lease and non-lease components. Non-lease components may include maintenance, utilities, and other operating costs. The Company combines the lease and non-lease components of fixed costs in its lease arrangements as a single lease component. Variable costs, such as utilities or maintenance costs, are not included in the measurement of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities, but rather are expensed when the event determining the amount of variable consideration to be paid occurs.

Lease liabilities and their corresponding right-of-use assets are recorded based on the present value of future lease payments over the expected lease term. The Company determines the present value of future lease payments by using its estimated secured incremental borrowing rate for that lease term as the interest rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable. The Company estimates its secured incremental borrowing rate for each lease based on the rate of interest that the Company would have to pay to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over a similar term.

Certain of the Company’s right-of-use asset leases include options to extend or terminate the lease. The amounts determined for the Company’s right-of-use assets and lease liabilities generally do not assume that renewal options or early-termination provisions, if any, are exercised unless it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise such options.

Deferred revenue includes amounts collected or billed in excess of revenue that it can recognize. The Company recognizes deferred revenue as revenue as the related performance obligation is satisfied. The Company records deferred revenue that will be recognized during the succeeding twelve-month period as a current liability on the condensed consolidated balance sheet.

The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash, accounts receivable, warrants, accounts payable and accrued expenses. The estimated fair value of the accounts receivable and accounts payable approximates their carrying value due to the short-term nature of these instruments.

The Company measures all stock options and other stock-based awards granted to employees and directors based on the fair value on the date of the grant and recognizes compensation expense of those awards, net of estimated forfeitures, over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period of the respective award. Historically, the Company has issued stock options to employees, directors and consultants with only service-based vesting conditions and records the expense for these awards using the straight-line method.

The Company classifies stock-based compensation expense in its condensed consolidated statements of operations in the same manner in which the award recipient’s payroll costs are classified.

The Company estimates the fair value of each stock option grant on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Before the IPO, the Company was a private company and therefore lacks company-specific historical and implied volatility information. Therefore, it estimates its expected stock volatility based on the historical volatility of similar publicly-traded companies and expects to continue to do so until such time as it has adequate historical data regarding the volatility of its own traded stock price. The expected term of the Company’s stock options has been determined utilizing the “simplified” method for awards that qualify as “plain-vanilla” options. The risk-free interest rate is determined by reference to the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant of the award for time periods approximately equal to the expected term of the award. The expected dividend yield is based on the fact that the Company has never paid cash dividends and does not expect to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

The Company accounts for business acquisitions using the purchase method of accounting, in accordance with which assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recorded at their respective fair values at the acquisition date. The fair value of the consideration paid, including contingent consideration, is assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values. Goodwill represents excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed.

The Company’s management exercises significant judgments in determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as well as intangibles and their estimated useful lives. Fair value and useful life determinations are based on, among other factors, estimates of future expected cash flows, royalty cost savings and appropriate discount rates used in computing present values. These judgments may materially impact the estimates used in allocating acquisition date fair values to assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as well as the Company’s current and future operating results. Actual results may vary from these estimates which may result in adjustments to goodwill and acquisition date fair values of assets and liabilities during a measurement period or upon a final determination of asset and liability fair values, whichever occurs first. Adjustments to the fair value of assets and liabilities made after the end of the measurement period are recorded within the Company’s operating results.

For contingent consideration arrangements, the Company recognizes a liability at fair value as of the acquisition date with subsequent fair value adjustments recorded in operations. Additional information regarding the Company’s contingent consideration arrangements may be found in Note 5 – Fair Value Measures, included elsewhere in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements. 

Overview

The Company generates revenue from the following sources: (1) equipment sales, (2) providing services and (3) construction contracts.

In accordance with ASC 606 “Revenue Recognition”, the Company recognizes revenue from contracts with customers using a five-step model, which is described below:

Identify the customer contract

A customer contract is generally identified when there is approval and commitment from both the Company and its customer, the rights have been identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability, and consideration is probable. Specifically, the Company obtains written/electronic signatures on contracts and a purchase order, if said purchase orders are issued in the normal course of business by the customer.

Identify performance obligations that are distinct

A performance obligation is a promise by the Company to provide a distinct good or service or a series of distinct goods or services. A good or service that is promised to a customer is distinct if the customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer, and a company’s promise to transfer the good or service to the customer is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract.

Determine the transaction price

The transaction price is the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to a customer, excluding sales taxes that are collected on behalf of government agencies.

Allocate the transaction price to distinct performance obligations

The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation based on the relative standalone selling prices (“SSP”) of the goods or services being provided to the customer. The Company’s contracts typically contain multiple performance obligations, for which the Company accounts for individual performance obligations separately, if they are distinct. The standalone selling price reflects the price the Company would charge for a specific piece of equipment or service if it was sold separately in similar circumstances and to similar customers.

Recognize revenue as the performance obligations are satisfied

Revenue is recognized when, or as, performance obligations are satisfied by transferring control of a promised product or service to a customer.

Significant Judgments

The Company enters into contracts that may include various combinations of equipment, services and construction, which are generally capable of being distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations. Contracts with customers often include promises to transfer multiple products and services to a customer. Determining whether products and services are considered distinct performance obligations that should be accounted for separately versus together may require significant judgment. Once the Company determines the performance obligations, it determines the transaction price, which includes estimating the amount of variable consideration to be included in the transaction price, if any. The Company then allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation in the contract based on the SSP. The corresponding revenue is recognized as the related performance obligations are satisfied.

Judgment is required to determine the SSP for each distinct performance obligation. The Company determines SSP based on the price at which the performance obligation is sold separately and the methods of estimating SSP under the guidance of ASC 606-10-32-33. If the SSP is not observable through past transactions, the Company estimates the SSP, taking into account available information such as market conditions, expected margins, and internally approved pricing guidelines related to the performance obligations. The Company licenses its software as a SaaS type subscription license, whereby the customer only has a right to access the software over a specified time period. The full value of the contract is recognized ratably over the contractual term of the SaaS subscription, adjusted monthly if tiered pricing is relevant. The Company typically satisfies its performance obligations for equipment sales when equipment is made available for shipment to the customer; for services sales as services are rendered to the customer and for construction contracts both as services are rendered and when contract is completed.

The Company utilizes the cost-plus margin method to determine the SSP for equipment and build-out services. This method is based on the cost of the services from third parties, plus a reasonable markup that the Company believes is reflective of a market-based reseller margin.

The Company determines the SSP for services in time and materials contracts by observable prices in standalone services arrangements.

 The Company estimates variable consideration in the form of royalties, revenue share, monthly fees, and service credits at contract inception and updated at the end of each reporting period if additional information becomes available. Variable consideration is typically not subject to constraint. Changes to variable consideration were not material for the periods presented.

If a contract has payment terms that differ from the timing of revenue recognition, the Company will assess whether the transaction price for those contracts include a significant financing component. The Company has elected the practical expedient that permits an entity to not adjust for the effects of a significant financing component if the Company expects that at the contract inception, the period between when the entity transfers a promised good or service to a customer and when the customer pays for that good or service, will be one year or less. For those contracts in which the period exceeds the one-year threshold, this assessment, as well as the quantitative estimate of the financing component and its relative significance, requires judgment. Accordingly, the Company imputes interest on such contracts at an agreed-upon interest rate and will present the financing components separately as financial income. For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company did not have any such financial income.

Payment terms with customers typically require payment 30 days from the invoice date. The Company’s agreements with its customers do not provide for any refunds for services or products and therefore no specific reserve for such is maintained. In the infrequent instances where customers raise concern over delivered products or services, the Company has endeavored to remedy the concern and all costs related to such matters have been insignificant in all periods presented.

The Company has elected to treat shipping and handling activities after the customer obtains control of the goods as a fulfillment cost and not as a promised good or service. Accordingly, the Company will accrue all fulfillment costs related to the shipping and handling of consumer goods at the time of shipment. The Company has payment terms with its customers of one year or less and has elected the practical expedient applicable to such contracts not to consider the time value of money. Sales, value add, and other taxes the Company collects concurrent with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue.

The Company receives payment from customers based on specified terms that are generally less than 30 days from the satisfaction of performance obligations. There are no contract assets related to performance under the contract. The difference in the opening and closing balances of the Company’s deferred revenue primarily results from the timing difference between the Company’s performance and the customer’s payment. The Company fulfills obligations under a contract with a customer by transferring products and services in exchange for consideration from the customer. Accounts receivables are recorded when the customer has been billed or the right to consideration is unconditional. The Company recognizes deferred revenue when consideration has been received or an amount of consideration is due from the customer, and the Company has a future obligation to transfer certain proprietary products.

In accordance with ASC 606-10-50-13, the Company is required to include disclosure on its remaining performance obligations as of the end of the current reporting period. Due to the nature of the Company’s contracts, these reporting requirements are not applicable. The majority of the Company’s remaining contracts meet certain exemptions as defined in ASC 606-10-50-14 through 606-10-50-14A, including (i) performance obligation is part of a contract that has an original expected duration of one year or less and (ii) the right to invoice practical expedient.

The Company generally provides a one-year warranty on its products for materials and workmanship but may provide multiple-year warranties as negotiated, and will pass on the warranties from its vendors, if any, which generally covers this one-year period. In accordance with ASC 450-20-25, the Company accrues for product warranties when the loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated. The reserve for warranty returns is included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The Company expenses research and development costs as incurred. Research and development expenses include payroll, employee benefits and other expenses associated with product development. The Company incurs research and development costs associated with the development and enhancement of both hardware and software products associated with its cultivation and extraction equipment, as well as its SaaS-based software offering, Agrify Insights™ cultivation software.

The Company capitalizes certain software engineering efforts related to the continued development of Agrify Insights™ cultivation software under ASC 985-20. Costs incurred during the application development phase are only capitalized once technical feasibility has been established and the work performed will result in new or additional functionality. The types of costs capitalized during the application development phase include employee compensation, as well as consulting fees for third-party software developers working on these projects. Costs related to the research and development are expensed as incurred until technical feasibility is established as well as post-implementation activities. Internal-use software is amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the asset, which ranges from two to five years.

The Company incurs costs related to shipping and handling of its manufactured products. These costs are expensed as incurred as a component of cost of goods sold. Shipping and handling charges related to the receipt of raw materials are also incurred, which are recorded as a cost of the related inventory.

Investments in affiliates that are 50% or less owned by the Company for which the Company exercises significant influence but does not have control are accounted for using the equity method. The Company has investments in equity investments without readily determinable fair values, which represents investments in entities where the Company does not have the ability to significantly influence the operations of the entities.

An assessment of whether or not the Company (as a holder of 50% of TPI) has the power to direct activities that most significantly impact TPI’s economic performance and to identify the party that obtains the majority of the benefits of the investment was performed as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 and will be performed as of each subsequent reporting date. After each of these assessments, the Company concluded that the activities that most significantly impact TPI’s economic performance are the growth, marketing, sale, and distribution of products using TPI’s technology and IP, each of which are solely directed by TPI. Based on the consideration of these assessments, the Company concluded that the Company’s investment in TPI should be accounted for under the equity method.

The carrying value of the Company’s investment in TPI was $0 as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. The Company did not recognize revenue from TPI for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and June 30, 2021.

The Company accounts for income taxes pursuant to the provisions of ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes,” which requires, among other things, an asset and liability approach to calculating deferred income taxes. The asset and liability approach requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities. A valuation allowance is provided to offset any net deferred tax assets for which management believes it is more likely than not that the net deferred asset will not be realized.

The Company follows the provisions of ASC 740-10-25-5, “Basic Recognition Threshold.” When tax returns are filed, it is highly certain that some positions taken would be sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities, while others are subject to uncertainty about the merits of the position taken or the amount of the position that would be ultimately sustained. In accordance with the guidance of ASC 740-10-25-6, the benefit of a tax position is recognized in the condensed consolidated financial statements in the period during which, based on all available evidence, management believes it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including the resolution of appeals or litigation processes, if any. Tax positions taken are not offset or aggregated with other positions. Tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50 percent likely of being realized upon settlement with the applicable taxing authority. The portion of the benefits associated with tax positions taken that exceeds the amount measured as described above should be reflected as a liability for unrecognized tax benefits in the accompanying balance sheets along with any associated interest and penalties that would be payable to the taxing authorities upon examination. The Company believes its tax positions are all highly certain of being upheld upon examination. As such, the Company has not recorded a liability for unrecognized tax benefits. As of June 30, 2022, tax years 2016 through 2021 remain open for IRS audit. The Company has received no notice of audit from the IRS for any of the open tax years.

The Company recognizes the benefit of a tax position when it is effectively settled. ASC 740-10-25-10, “Basic Recognition Threshold” provides guidance on how an entity should determine whether a tax position is effectively settled for the purpose of recognizing previously unrecognized tax benefits. ASC 740-10-25-10 clarifies that a tax position can be effectively settled upon the completion of an examination by a taxing authority. For tax positions considered effectively settled, the Company recognizes the full amount of the tax benefit.

The Company presents basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to Common Stockholders in conformity with the two-class method required for participating securities. We compute basic loss per share by dividing net loss available to Common Stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. Net loss available to Common Stockholders represents net loss attributable to Common Stockholders reduced by the allocation of earnings to participating securities. Diluted income per share adjusts basic income per share for the potentially dilutive impact of stock options and warrants. For periods during which the Company recorded a net loss, diluted net loss per share is equal to basic net loss per share because the effect of dilutive securities outstanding is anti-dilutive.

Net loss per share calculations for all periods have been adjusted to reflect the Reverse Stock Split effected on January 12, 2021. Net loss per share was calculated based on the weighted-average number of Common Stock outstanding.

In August 2020, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2020-06, Debt – Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity. The amendments in ASU No. 2020-06 simplify the complexity associated with applying U.S. GAAP for certain financial instruments with characteristics of liabilities and equity. More specifically, the amendments focus on the guidance for convertible instruments and derivative scope exceptions for contracts in an entity’s own equity. ASU 2020-06 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of this new accounting guidance had no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326), which introduces a new methodology for accounting for credit losses on financial instruments, including available-for-sale debt securities and accounts receivable. The guidance establishes a new “expected loss model” that requires entities to estimate current expected credit losses on financial instruments by using all practical and relevant information. Any expected credit losses are to be reflected as allowances rather than reductions in the amortized cost of available-for-sale debt securities. ASU 2016-13 is effective in the first quarter of fiscal 2024. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this adoption on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. 

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 606): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, which requires that an entity recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with Topic 606 as if it had originated the contracts. Generally, this should result in an acquirer recognizing and measuring the acquired contract assets and contract liabilities consistent with how they were recognized and measured in the acquiree’s financial statements, if the acquiree prepared financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The amendment in this update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The guidance should be applied prospectively to business combinations occurring on or after the effective date of the amendment in this update. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this adoption on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

The Company does not believe that any other ASU issued but not yet effective, if adopted, will have a material effect on the Company’s future financial statements.